India has diverse physical features such as mountains, plateaus, plains, coast and islands. The surface is not uniform. There are high mountains on the north side of India; some are plains while others are deserts; there are beautiful valleys, hills, plateaus, and coastal plains. The Southern part of India is Peninsula. Starting fromHimalaya:-Himalaya means ‘the abode of snow. The mountain range lies on the northern border of India .this mountain range lies along the northern border and is covered with snow all year round. The Himalayan mountain range is geographically split into three main parallel ranges.

1)the great Himalayas or Himadri ranges

2)Middle Himalaya or Himanchal

3)Shivalik ( the lower Himalaya or the greater Himalaya or himadri:-

The Great Himalaya /Himadri

The HImadri is the northmost Range. It is the highest Range of the Himalayas. The world’s highest peak is located in this Range. The mountains are covered with snow. In some places, huge masses of ice are seen as called glaciers. The Gangotri glacier is the source of the Holy river Gangas. The rivers like the Yamuna and the Brahmaputra are the main rivers that start from himadri. Mt.Kanchanjunga and Mt.Annapurna are found here. It is very cold here throughout the year; it is difficult for people and animals to live in this region.

Sir Edmund Hilary and Sherpa Tenzing Norway were the first to climb Mt.everest in 1953, and on 23rd May, Bachanderi pal became the first Indian woman to reach the world’s highest peak.

Middle Himalaya /Himanchal

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The middle Himalayas or Himanchal are lower and parallel to the Great Himalayas. The Range is famous for beautiful valleys like Kashmir, Kullu, and Kangra. The most popular hill stations in this region are Shimla, Mussoorie, Nainital, and Almora Manali. t also covers Kashmir, Darjeeling in West Bengal, and Gangtok in Sikkim Hiss Range has a thick forest consisting of Pin, Oak, deodar, and fir trees.

The Shivalik Range

The Shivalik is the lowest Range of the Himalayas, the outer Himalayas. It is made up of hills rather than mountains. The slope is covered with thick forest, and various wildlife is found here. These areas’ land is used for growing crops such as rice, potatoes, and maize. In addition, the slope of these hills is used for terrace farming.

Trans Himalaya

Trans Himalaya: Himalayanain range is genergenerallyded into four parts, but in basic books, we are taught the in three parts: greater himalyHimalayale himalyHimalayahiwalik.Trans himalyHimalayat visible .this Range is extended just oppostoppositeof the himalaHimalayas 1600m long extending in the west the o east direction parallel to himalaHimalayan.this mountain range is the older than these this three mountain range HimalyHimalayanain range is a younger st mountain range in the world. eneralgenerally -HimalyHimalayan ia called Tibet HimalyHimalayan and is located north of the great HimalyHimalaya consist of four mountain ranges: K Karakoram range, Ladakh,zaskrand kailasKailashain ranges. It is also called the Tibet Himalayan ranges because it lies n Tibet.

1) karaKarakoramges are known as Krishnagiri, situated in the northernmost Range of the Trans HimaHimalayanges. Some of the peaks of this Range are 1800m above sea level, and they are mainly categocategorised K2, K3, and K4. 2 is the second highest peak in the world and the highest in the Indian Territory.K4 is known as Gasherbrum,13th highest mountain in the world.

2) Ladakh Ranges:-It lies to theof Leh and is an important part of the trans-trans-Himalayan.

3) Zasker Range:-Zasker Range runs parallel to the Ladakh Range. Ths Range has the advantage of mountains 5,800m above sea level.

4) kailasKailash:-kailasKailash is situated in the wrn Tibet.Its average elevation is 5,50o-6000m above sea level, and its average width is 30 km.the Indus river is ornated from the northern slope of the Kailash range.